The major source of forebrain serotonergic innervation is from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), which contains both serotonin and GABA neurons. Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake @article{Verheij2018MedianAD, title={Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake}, author={Michel MM Verheij and Candice Contet and Peter Karel and Judith Latour and Rick H.A. Therefore, at least two tobacco compounds, nicotine and harmane, inhibit the activity of serotonergic neurons. The inhibition of sensory responsivity is considered a core serotonin function, yet this hypothesis lacks direct support due to methodological obstacles. In the heating study, ambient temperature was rapidly raised from a baseline of 25 to 43 1C and maintained at this level for 2 h. Cats displayed hyperthermia, intense . Neurons in monkey dorsal raphe nucleus code beginning and progress of step-by-step schedule, reward expectation, and amount of reward outcome in the reward schedule task J. Neurosci.
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2001, 21(24):9917-9929 Control of Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons by the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Involvement of Serotonin-1A, GABAA, and Glutamate Receptors Pau Celada, M. Victoria Puig, Josep M. Casanovas, Gemma Guillazo, and Francesc Artigas Department of Neurochemistry, Institut d' Investigacions Biomdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior . 1.
In the mouse, the large majority of these neurons are serotonergic, with GABAergic neurons restricted to the lateral wings ( Brown et al, 2008; Calizo et al, 2011 ). Alcohol abuse is a significant medical and social problem. Here, we demonstrate that day length (photoperiod) during development induces enduring changes in mouse dorsal raphe serotonin neuronsprogramming their firing rate, responsiveness to noradrenergic stimulation, intrinsic electrical properties, serotonin and norepinephrine content in the midbrain, and depression/anxiety-related behavior in a . We show here that 1) significant degeneration of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and serotonergic fibers in the cerebral cortex was observed in treated rats, 2) spreading velocity of the CBF changes was significantly increased in these rats, and 3) calculated width of the depolarization wave was significantly extended in these . Indeed, recordings of optically tagged dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic neurons in a Pavlovian task showed that some of them fired phasically to reward-predicting cues [ 12 ]. Neurosci. A subgroup of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons in the cat is strongly activated during oralbuccal movements. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) projects serotonergic axons throughout the brain and is involved in a variety of physiological functions. A whole-brain atlas of inputs to serotonergic neurons of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei. In vitro, the responsiveness of individual dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons to trains of light pulses varied with frequency . 232:375- ing induced by peripheral nerve stimulation. We used optogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of head-fixed mice performing a foraging task. Single-unit activity of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus was examined in response to environmental heating and pyrogen-induced fever in freely moving cats. This is preceded by an increase in the metabolic activity of the caudal dorsal raphe (DRC) and the intrafascicular DR (DRI) during early postnatal development. Neuron 83 , 663-678 (2014). Direct targeting of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) can cause excessive bleeding and animal death, due to its location below the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). explore nonserotonergic . The same approach is used for WT littermates (n = 3), which do not express ChR2-YFP. Brain Res 716, 123-133. This nucleus contains the largest population of serotonin expressing neurons in the brain. Using viral tracing combined with electrophysiology, we found that GABA and se-rotonin neurons in the DR receive excitatory, inhibi-tory, and peptidergic inputs from the same specic brain regions.
The dorsal raphe (DR) is the largest serotonergic nucleus, containing more than half of the estimated 20,000 total serotonin-producing neurons in the rat ( Descarries et al., 1982 ). These inputs are important for odor preference learning in neonatal rats and regulation of odor input (10-12). 7J arrow, and 7K), and other raphe nuclei, were devoid of Brn3.2 expression. We review electrophysiological studies of the activity of these neurons, focusing on serotonergic function across timescales. The dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic neurons have long been implicated in the processing of delayed reward, but it has been unclear whether or when their activity causally directs choice. Phasic and Tonic Inhibitory Transmission in Serotonergic Dorsal Raphe Neurons All recordings were made from DR neurons situated medially throughout the rostral caudal axis.
13 The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is in the tegmentum of the caudal part of the .
7L and 7M) Brn3.2 expression was completely abolished, demonstrating that Brn3.2 is a target gene of Sim1 as well. Conclusions. In females, cessation of ovarian function produces deleterious changes in all of . Early electrophysiological studies suggested that serotonergic neurons in this cell group formed a homogeneous cell class. Phasic Activation of Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Increases Pupil Size Curr Biol. J Physiol 521, 749-759. Several neurotransmitter systems are implicated in ethanol's actions, with certain receptors and ion channels emerging as putative targets. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is a major source of neuromodulators in the central nervous system, and is the largest of the serotonergic nuclei, containing approximately a third of all serotonergic neurons (5-HT neurons) in the brain ( Hornung, 2010 ). Projection neurons in the mPFC were identied by . The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is located on the midline of the brainstem and beneath the aqueduct of the midbrain. Using viral tracing combined with electrophysiology, we found that GABA and serotonin neurons in the DR receive excitatory, inhibitory, and peptidergic inputs from the same specific brain regions. About two-thirds of dorsal raphe neurons are serotonergic, but others contain GABA, glutamate, dopamine, acetylcholine, or various peptides (Hkfelt et al., 2000; Commons, 2009; Fu et al., 2010; Hioki et al., 2010). We tested the hypothesis that median raphe nucleus (MRN) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonergic projections differentially mediate these phenotypes. Serotonergic Plasticity in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Characterizes Susceptibility and Resilience to Anhedonia Chronic stress induces anhedonia in susceptible but not resilient individuals, a phenomenon observed in humans as well as animal models, but the molecular mechanisms underlying susceptibility and resilience are not well understood. Serotonergic neurons in the DRN have been theorized to encode . Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus have been implicated in olfactory learning and processing of olfactory information. Cbln2 is expressed in a subset of serotonergic DR neurons. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is a heterogeneous brainstem nucleus, located in mammals in the lateral and ventral (including midline) parts of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) of the midbrain. forebrain serotonergic innervation is from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), which contains both serotonin and GABA neurons. In Sim1-/- (Figs.
Background: Reduced serotonergic function is hypothesized in alcohol abuse and dependence. These results confirm the marked sensitivity of serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus neurons to selective 5-HT(1A) agonist compounds in unanesthetized animals and suggest that 5- HT(1A) somatodendritic autoreceptors exert a tonic inhibitory influence on the firing rate of these neurons during periods of behavioral activation, but not during . 5-HT-driven modulations of PS were .
The obese Zucker rat, an animal model of genetic obesity, exhibits differences in serotonin signaling as well as a mutated leptin receptor. 15 - 17 as a component of ascending arousal systems, studies have shown that activation of 5-ht neurons by optogenetics Many previous . At the network level, discrete ensembles are highly correlated over long timescales. asterisks), the area of rostral serotonergic neurons, including dorsal raphe nucleus (Figs. Brain Res. The mean magnitude of increase in neuronal activity for these cells was approximately 100% above the spontaneous waking level. This is preceded by an increase in the metabolic activity of the caudal dorsal raphe (DRC) and the intrafascicular DR (DRI) during early postnatal development. Lin, Differential expression of nitric oxide in serotonergic projection neurons: Neurochemical identification of dorsal raphe inputs to rodent trigeminal somatosensory targets, Journal of Comparative Neurology, 10.1002/cne.10912, 466, 4, (495-512), (2003). Impaired Chemosensitivity of Mouse Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Overexpressing Serotonin 1A (Htr1a) Receptors Gilda Baccini1, Boris Mlinar1, Enrica Audero2, Cornelius Thilo Gross2, Renato Corradetti1* 1 Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology ''Mario Aiazzi-Mancini'' University of Florence, Florence, Italy, 2 Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory . The dorsal raphe nucleus contains one of the largest groups of serotonergic neurons in the mammalian brain and is the main site of origin of the serotonergic projection to the cerebral cortex. However, given significant extended amygdala output to dorsal raphe neurons (Weissbourd et al. Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake Michel M.M. Dorsal and median raphe nuclei (DR and MR, respectively) are members of the reticular activating system and play important role in the regulation of the sleep-wakefulness cycle, movement, and affective states. (1986), 65% of rat DRN neurons projecting to the superior colliculus are serotonergic, whereas, in the cat, they seem to be exclusively serotonergic (Mize and Horner, 1989). Electrophysiological characteriza-tion of 2 dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons which responded to 5-HT with an outward current and either expressed (A) or did not express tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TPH-ir; B). We discuss how these measurements help reconcile decades of work aimed at developing theories for serotonin's . . These data have been challenging to collect because of the heterogeneity of neurons in and around the raphe nuclei. Impaired response of human motoneurones to corticospinal stimulation after voluntary exercise. Serotonergic DRN neurons receive tonic -aminobutyric acid (GABA . Activity of raphe serotonergic neurons controls emotional behaviors. 7L and 7M) Brn3.2 expression was completely abolished, demonstrating that Brn3.2 is a target gene of Sim1 as well. Lesioning of NE terminals by treatment with the selective catecholamine neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine produced a van der Doelen, Bram Geenen, Josephus A. van Hulten, Francisca Meyer, Tamas Kozicz , Olivier George, George F. Koob, Judith R. Homberg DRN neurons are infected with AAV2/9-Dio-ChR2-eYFP. Epub 2020 Nov 12. Serotonergic neurons were recorded in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and were identified by (i) slow and regular spontaneous activity, (ii) long duration (2 ms) waveform, (iii) complete suppression of activity during REM sleep and after systemic administration of 5-methoxy-N-N-dimethyltryptamine (250 g/kg i.m. The serotonergic raphe nuclei of the midbrain are principal centers from which serotonin neurons project to innervate cortical and sub-cortical structures. Article Google Scholar 2021 Jan 11;31(1):192-197.e4. Dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons promote arousal from isoflurane anesthesia Our results demonstrate that 5-HT neurons in the DRN play a regulative role of general anesthesia, and activation of serotonergic neurons could facilitate emergence from general anesthesia partly through 5-HT 1A and 2C receptors. ), and (iv) histological . Authors . The dorsal raphe nuclei receive light input from the circadian visual system [ 1 ] and indirect input from the biological clock nuclei [ 2 , 3 ]. Although pharmacological studies suggest that serotonin inhibits reward seeking, electrical stimulation of the DRN strongly reinforces instrumental behavior. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.090. The mechanism by which harmane inhibits serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons is likely unrelated to a MAO-A inhibitory effect. We adapted an optogenetic approach to induce acute, robust and specific firing of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons.
Aghajanian, G. K.; Wang, R. Y.; Barbaran, J. Serotonergic and non- BAergic neurons in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. Although drugs that enhance serotonin function have minimal abuse liability, laboratory rats will work vigorously to earn electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus. Cell Rep. 13, 1965-1976. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.10.061. Serotonergic neurons exhibited a regular ring rate with frequencies of 0.4-3.5 Hz, and 2-5 msec biphasic or triphasic extracellular waveforms .
It contains the largest group of serotonergic neurons in the brain and is a neurochemically heterogeneous nucleus with widespread projections mainly to the forebrain, including the limbic system regulating emotions and the .
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2001, 21(24):9917-9929 Control of Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons by the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Involvement of Serotonin-1A, GABAA, and Glutamate Receptors Pau Celada, M. Victoria Puig, Josep M. Casanovas, Gemma Guillazo, and Francesc Artigas Department of Neurochemistry, Institut d' Investigacions Biomdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior . 1.
In the mouse, the large majority of these neurons are serotonergic, with GABAergic neurons restricted to the lateral wings ( Brown et al, 2008; Calizo et al, 2011 ). Alcohol abuse is a significant medical and social problem. Here, we demonstrate that day length (photoperiod) during development induces enduring changes in mouse dorsal raphe serotonin neuronsprogramming their firing rate, responsiveness to noradrenergic stimulation, intrinsic electrical properties, serotonin and norepinephrine content in the midbrain, and depression/anxiety-related behavior in a . We show here that 1) significant degeneration of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and serotonergic fibers in the cerebral cortex was observed in treated rats, 2) spreading velocity of the CBF changes was significantly increased in these rats, and 3) calculated width of the depolarization wave was significantly extended in these . Indeed, recordings of optically tagged dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic neurons in a Pavlovian task showed that some of them fired phasically to reward-predicting cues [ 12 ]. Neurosci. A subgroup of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons in the cat is strongly activated during oralbuccal movements. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) projects serotonergic axons throughout the brain and is involved in a variety of physiological functions. A whole-brain atlas of inputs to serotonergic neurons of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei. In vitro, the responsiveness of individual dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons to trains of light pulses varied with frequency . 232:375- ing induced by peripheral nerve stimulation. We used optogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of head-fixed mice performing a foraging task. Single-unit activity of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus was examined in response to environmental heating and pyrogen-induced fever in freely moving cats. This is preceded by an increase in the metabolic activity of the caudal dorsal raphe (DRC) and the intrafascicular DR (DRI) during early postnatal development. Neuron 83 , 663-678 (2014). Direct targeting of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) can cause excessive bleeding and animal death, due to its location below the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). explore nonserotonergic . The same approach is used for WT littermates (n = 3), which do not express ChR2-YFP. Brain Res 716, 123-133. This nucleus contains the largest population of serotonin expressing neurons in the brain. Using viral tracing combined with electrophysiology, we found that GABA and se-rotonin neurons in the DR receive excitatory, inhibi-tory, and peptidergic inputs from the same specic brain regions.
The dorsal raphe (DR) is the largest serotonergic nucleus, containing more than half of the estimated 20,000 total serotonin-producing neurons in the rat ( Descarries et al., 1982 ). These inputs are important for odor preference learning in neonatal rats and regulation of odor input (10-12). 7J arrow, and 7K), and other raphe nuclei, were devoid of Brn3.2 expression. We review electrophysiological studies of the activity of these neurons, focusing on serotonergic function across timescales. The dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic neurons have long been implicated in the processing of delayed reward, but it has been unclear whether or when their activity causally directs choice. Phasic and Tonic Inhibitory Transmission in Serotonergic Dorsal Raphe Neurons All recordings were made from DR neurons situated medially throughout the rostral caudal axis.
13 The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is in the tegmentum of the caudal part of the .
7L and 7M) Brn3.2 expression was completely abolished, demonstrating that Brn3.2 is a target gene of Sim1 as well. Conclusions. In females, cessation of ovarian function produces deleterious changes in all of . Early electrophysiological studies suggested that serotonergic neurons in this cell group formed a homogeneous cell class. Phasic Activation of Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Increases Pupil Size Curr Biol. J Physiol 521, 749-759. Several neurotransmitter systems are implicated in ethanol's actions, with certain receptors and ion channels emerging as putative targets. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is a major source of neuromodulators in the central nervous system, and is the largest of the serotonergic nuclei, containing approximately a third of all serotonergic neurons (5-HT neurons) in the brain ( Hornung, 2010 ). Projection neurons in the mPFC were identied by . The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is located on the midline of the brainstem and beneath the aqueduct of the midbrain. Using viral tracing combined with electrophysiology, we found that GABA and serotonin neurons in the DR receive excitatory, inhibitory, and peptidergic inputs from the same specific brain regions. About two-thirds of dorsal raphe neurons are serotonergic, but others contain GABA, glutamate, dopamine, acetylcholine, or various peptides (Hkfelt et al., 2000; Commons, 2009; Fu et al., 2010; Hioki et al., 2010). We tested the hypothesis that median raphe nucleus (MRN) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonergic projections differentially mediate these phenotypes. Serotonergic Plasticity in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Characterizes Susceptibility and Resilience to Anhedonia Chronic stress induces anhedonia in susceptible but not resilient individuals, a phenomenon observed in humans as well as animal models, but the molecular mechanisms underlying susceptibility and resilience are not well understood. Serotonergic neurons in the DRN have been theorized to encode . Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus have been implicated in olfactory learning and processing of olfactory information. Cbln2 is expressed in a subset of serotonergic DR neurons. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is a heterogeneous brainstem nucleus, located in mammals in the lateral and ventral (including midline) parts of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) of the midbrain. forebrain serotonergic innervation is from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), which contains both serotonin and GABA neurons. In Sim1-/- (Figs.
Background: Reduced serotonergic function is hypothesized in alcohol abuse and dependence. These results confirm the marked sensitivity of serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus neurons to selective 5-HT(1A) agonist compounds in unanesthetized animals and suggest that 5- HT(1A) somatodendritic autoreceptors exert a tonic inhibitory influence on the firing rate of these neurons during periods of behavioral activation, but not during . 5-HT-driven modulations of PS were .
The obese Zucker rat, an animal model of genetic obesity, exhibits differences in serotonin signaling as well as a mutated leptin receptor. 15 - 17 as a component of ascending arousal systems, studies have shown that activation of 5-ht neurons by optogenetics Many previous . At the network level, discrete ensembles are highly correlated over long timescales. asterisks), the area of rostral serotonergic neurons, including dorsal raphe nucleus (Figs. Brain Res. The mean magnitude of increase in neuronal activity for these cells was approximately 100% above the spontaneous waking level. This is preceded by an increase in the metabolic activity of the caudal dorsal raphe (DRC) and the intrafascicular DR (DRI) during early postnatal development. Lin, Differential expression of nitric oxide in serotonergic projection neurons: Neurochemical identification of dorsal raphe inputs to rodent trigeminal somatosensory targets, Journal of Comparative Neurology, 10.1002/cne.10912, 466, 4, (495-512), (2003). Impaired Chemosensitivity of Mouse Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Overexpressing Serotonin 1A (Htr1a) Receptors Gilda Baccini1, Boris Mlinar1, Enrica Audero2, Cornelius Thilo Gross2, Renato Corradetti1* 1 Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology ''Mario Aiazzi-Mancini'' University of Florence, Florence, Italy, 2 Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory . The dorsal raphe nucleus contains one of the largest groups of serotonergic neurons in the mammalian brain and is the main site of origin of the serotonergic projection to the cerebral cortex. However, given significant extended amygdala output to dorsal raphe neurons (Weissbourd et al. Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake Michel M.M. Dorsal and median raphe nuclei (DR and MR, respectively) are members of the reticular activating system and play important role in the regulation of the sleep-wakefulness cycle, movement, and affective states. (1986), 65% of rat DRN neurons projecting to the superior colliculus are serotonergic, whereas, in the cat, they seem to be exclusively serotonergic (Mize and Horner, 1989). Electrophysiological characteriza-tion of 2 dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons which responded to 5-HT with an outward current and either expressed (A) or did not express tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TPH-ir; B). We discuss how these measurements help reconcile decades of work aimed at developing theories for serotonin's . . These data have been challenging to collect because of the heterogeneity of neurons in and around the raphe nuclei. Impaired response of human motoneurones to corticospinal stimulation after voluntary exercise. Serotonergic DRN neurons receive tonic -aminobutyric acid (GABA . Activity of raphe serotonergic neurons controls emotional behaviors. 7L and 7M) Brn3.2 expression was completely abolished, demonstrating that Brn3.2 is a target gene of Sim1 as well. Lesioning of NE terminals by treatment with the selective catecholamine neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine produced a van der Doelen, Bram Geenen, Josephus A. van Hulten, Francisca Meyer, Tamas Kozicz , Olivier George, George F. Koob, Judith R. Homberg DRN neurons are infected with AAV2/9-Dio-ChR2-eYFP. Epub 2020 Nov 12. Serotonergic neurons were recorded in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and were identified by (i) slow and regular spontaneous activity, (ii) long duration (2 ms) waveform, (iii) complete suppression of activity during REM sleep and after systemic administration of 5-methoxy-N-N-dimethyltryptamine (250 g/kg i.m. The serotonergic raphe nuclei of the midbrain are principal centers from which serotonin neurons project to innervate cortical and sub-cortical structures. Article Google Scholar 2021 Jan 11;31(1):192-197.e4. Dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons promote arousal from isoflurane anesthesia Our results demonstrate that 5-HT neurons in the DRN play a regulative role of general anesthesia, and activation of serotonergic neurons could facilitate emergence from general anesthesia partly through 5-HT 1A and 2C receptors. ), and (iv) histological . Authors . The dorsal raphe nuclei receive light input from the circadian visual system [ 1 ] and indirect input from the biological clock nuclei [ 2 , 3 ]. Although pharmacological studies suggest that serotonin inhibits reward seeking, electrical stimulation of the DRN strongly reinforces instrumental behavior. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.090. The mechanism by which harmane inhibits serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons is likely unrelated to a MAO-A inhibitory effect. We adapted an optogenetic approach to induce acute, robust and specific firing of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons.
Aghajanian, G. K.; Wang, R. Y.; Barbaran, J. Serotonergic and non- BAergic neurons in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. Although drugs that enhance serotonin function have minimal abuse liability, laboratory rats will work vigorously to earn electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus. Cell Rep. 13, 1965-1976. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.10.061. Serotonergic neurons exhibited a regular ring rate with frequencies of 0.4-3.5 Hz, and 2-5 msec biphasic or triphasic extracellular waveforms .
It contains the largest group of serotonergic neurons in the brain and is a neurochemically heterogeneous nucleus with widespread projections mainly to the forebrain, including the limbic system regulating emotions and the .